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MH370 DECODED
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Tooltips:English Language


Ab-initio
ab-initio
ab initio
'From the Beginning'. Ab initio flight training refers to starting as a beginner
acronym
A word formed by taking letters from each word in a phrase or series of words. For example radar is an acronym formed from the words radio detecting and ranging.
affirmative
Yes
airborne
An aircraft is considered airborne when all parts of the aircraft are off the ground. (Source: FAA)
ASAP
As soon as possible
blip
a spot of light on a radar screen indicating the position of a detected aircraft (Source: Safety Investigation Report)
Communiqué
Communique
communiqué
communique
a form of media release, an official bulletin
Internet Archive
A not-for-profit digital library also known as the Wayback Machine which stores snapshots of significant websites at various dates. See The Wayback Machine and MH370.
jargon
words and terminology used by specialists in a trade or profession that may be difficult for other people to understand
Manifest
manifest
A list of people and goods carried on a ship or plane.
opine
opined
based on the word 'opinion' - to express an opinion
portal
An Internet site providing access or links to other sites.
protocol
a set of rules which standardise a process or procedure
redacted
withdrawn, hidden or removed (before publication)
snapshot
A representation of a website at a particular date and time. The Wayback Machine captures 'snapshots' of websites and stores the pages or files in the Web Archive.
tooltip
tooltips
Additional information which appears on the screen when the cursor or mouse pointer is placed over some text which is faintly underlined.
utterance
something spoken
In radio communications from MH370 each instance of a person speaking is an utterance.


Tooltips:Person and Role


The Malaysian ICAO Annex 13 Safety Investigation Team for MH370

The Malaysian Members

Dato’ Ir. Kok Soo Chon
Investigator-in-Charge
Capt. Abdul Wahab Ibrahim
Senior Investigator/Chairman of Operations Committee
Mr. Mohan Suppiah
Senior Investigator/Chairman of Airworthiness Committee
Datuk Dr. Mohd Shah Mahmood
Senior Investigator/Chairman of Medical/Human Factors Committee
Assoc. Prof. Ir. Abu Hanifah Hj Abdullah
Investigator, Airworthiness
Mr. Amirudin Ab Ghani
Investigator, Airworthiness
Mr. Aslam Basha Khan
Investigator, Airworthiness
Dato’ Capt. Jalil Mat Dom

Investigator, Operations

Mr. Khaw Sim Min
Investigator, Operations
Ms. Khoo Lay See
Investigator, Medical/Human Factors
Mr. Lim Kim Seang
Investigator, Operations
Dato’ SAC Mohd Rafique Ramli Ariffin
Investigator, Operations
Mr. Muhammad Imran Ismail
Investigator, Operations
Ms. Norwalena Abdul Wahab
Investigator, Operations
Prof. Dr. Pathmanathan Rajadurai
Investigator, Medical/Human Factors
Dato’ Dr. Suarn Singh A/L Jasmit Singh
Investigator, Medical/Human Factors
Ms. Swandra Kim Chu Ramachandran
Investigator, Operations (from January 2018)
Mr. Tan Huvi Vein

Investigator, Operations

Dr. Toh Chin Lee
Investigator, Medical/Human Factors
Capt. Abdul Razak Hashim
Investigator, Operations (April 2014 - April 2015)


Tripartite Members
Sri Liow Tiong Lai
Hon Dato’ Sri Liow Tiong Lai
Minister of Transport (Malaysia)
Darren Chester
Hon Darren Chester MP
Minister for Infrastructure and Transport (Australia)
Li Xiaopeng
Hon Mr Li Xiaopeng
Minister of Transport, People’s Republic of China


A


Abdul Aziz Kaprawi
Deputy Minister of Transport. Leader of the Technical Committee.
Abdul Rahim Bakri
Deputy Minister of Defence. Leader of the Asset Deployment Committee.
Ahmad Jauhari Yahya
Jauhari Yahya
Group Chief Executive Officer, Malaysia Airlines
Ahmad Nizar bin Zolfakar
Ahmad Zolfakar
Director, Air Traffic Services, Department of Civil Aviation
Angus Houston
Air Chief Marshal (ret.), Former Chief of the Defense Force Australia. Head of the Joint Agency Co-ordination Centre (JACC)
B


C


Chuck Hagel
US Secretary of Defence
D


Dato’ Huzir bin Mohamed
Deputy Director of the Criminal Investigation Department (CID) of the Royal Malaysia Police
Dato’ Ibrahim Abdullah
Deputy Secretary General III of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs
Dato’ Seri Hishammuddin Tun Hussein
Hishammuddin Hussein
Hishammuddin
Minister of Defence and Acting Minister of Transport
Datuk Azharuddin Abdul Rahman
Datuk Rahman
Director-General, Department of Civil Aviation (DCA)
Datuk Seri Najib Tun Razak
Datuk Razak
Prime Minister, Malaysia
Dato’Sri Ackbal bin Haji Abdul Samad
Dato Abdul Samad
Lieutenant General Dato’Sri Ackbal bin Haji Abdul Samad is Air Operation Commander, Royal Malaysia Air Force
E


F


Fariq Hamid
Fariq Ab.Hamid
Fariq Abdul Hamid
Fariq Ab HAMID
First Officer, MH370
G


H


Hamzah Zainuddin
Deputy Minister of Foreign Affairs. Leads the Next of Kin Committee.
I


J


Jean Paul Troadec
Led the investigation into the Air France 447 crash
K


L


M


N


O


Oliver Plunkett
CEO of Ocean Infinity
P


Phillip Hammond
British Secretary of State for Defence
Q


R


S


Siti Sarah Lebai Abu
Assistant Director, National Air Traffic Control Centre (NATCC)
T


General Tan Sri Dato’ Sri Rodzali Bin Daud
Rodzali Daud
General Tan Sri Dato’ Sri Rodzali Bin Daud is Chief of the Royal Malaysian Air Force
Tan Sri Ong Ka Ting
Prime Minister’s special envoy to China
Tony Abbot
Prime Minister of Australia


U


V


W


X


Y


Z


Zaharie Ahmad Shah
Zaharie Ahmad SHAH
Zaharie Shah
Captain and Pilot in Command, MH370

Tooltips:Places and Locations


SIO
Southern Indian Ocean
Melborne
Melbourne, capital city of the State of Victoria in Australia

Tooltips:Time

CST
China Standard Time is Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) + 8 hours
GMT
Greenwich Mean Time. Superseded by Coordinated Universal Time (UTC)
MYT
Malaysian Time (MYT) is Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) + 8 hours
UTC
Coordinated Universal Time
ENR
En-route
EST
Estimate


Day Number
The number of days since MH370 went missing. Day 001 is 8 March 2014.

Tooltips:Navaids Routes FLs Tooltips:Navaids Routes FLs

Tooltips:Passengers by Seat Allocations

[ 1C ]
TAN, CHONGLING 48 Male Malaysia
[ 2A ]
GAN, FUXIANG 49 Male China
[ 2D ]
CHNG, MEI LING 33 Female Malaysia
[ 2K ]
WEEKS, PAUL 39 Male New Zealand
[ 3A ]
YUE, GUIJU 51 Female China
[ 3K ]
BRODSKII, NIKOLAI 43 Male Russia
[ 4A ]
BAI, XIAOMO 37 Female Canada
[ 4C ]
MUKHERJEE, MUKTESH 42 Male Canada
[ 4J ]
MOHAMADSOFUAN, IBRAHIM 33 Male Malaysia
[ 4K ]
XING, QIAO 27 Female China
[ 11A ]
TIAN, QINGJUN 51 Male China
[ 11C ]
WOOD, PHILIP 51 Male USA
[ 11D ]
LIN, ANNAN 27 Male China
[ 11E ]
XIE, LIPING 51 Female China
[ 11H ]
ZHANG, XUEWEN 61 Male China
[ 11J ]
HUE, PUIHENG 66 Male Malaysia
[ 11K ]
LI, LE 36 Male China
[ 12A ]
BIBYNAZLI, MOHDHASSIM 62 Female Malaysia
[ 12C ]
DINA, MOHAMEDYUNUSRAMLI 30 Female Malaysia
[ 12D ]
MARIA, MOHAMEDYUNUSRAMLI 52 Female Malaysia
[ 12E ]
HASHIM, NOORIDA 57 Female Malaysia
[ 12G ]
WANG, SHOUXIAN 69 Male China
[ 12H ]
KOH, TIONGMENG 40 Male Malaysia
[ 12J ]
MUHAMMADRAZAHAN, ZAMANIMR 24 Male Malaysia
[ 12K ]
NORLIAKMAR, HAMIDMDM 33 Male Malaysia
[ 14A ]
ZHANG, SHAOHUA 32 Female China
[ 14C ]
ZHANG, HUALIAN 42 Female China
[ 14D ]
LI, YUCHEN 27 Male China
[ 14E ]
LI, YUAN 33 Male Australia
[ 14F ]
LI, JIE 27 Female China
[ 14G ]
KANG, XU 34 Male China
[ 14H ]
GU, NAIJUN 31 Female Australia
[ 14J ]
SHARMA, CHANDRIKA 51 Female India
[ 14K ]
CHAN, HUANPEEN 46 Male Malaysia
[ 15A ]
LEE, SEWCHUMDM 55 Female Malaysia
[ 15C ]
NG, MAYLI 37 Female Malaysia
[ 15D ]
YANG, LI 35 Female China
[ 15E ]
LU, JIANHUA 57 Male China
[ 15F ]
MA, WENZHI 57 Female China
[ 15G ]
SIM, KENGWEI 53 Male Malaysia
[ 15H ]
ZHANG, CHI 58 Female China
[ 15J ]
WAN, HOCKKHOON 42 Male Malaysia
[ 15K ]
TEE, LIN KEONG 50 Male Malaysia
[ 16A ]
LI, ZHIJIN 30 Male China
[ 16C ]
YAP, CHEEMENG 39 Male Malaysia
[ 16D ]
SUGIANTO, LO 47 Male Indonesia
[ 16E ]
VINNY, CHYNTHYATIO 47 Female Indonesia
[ 16G ]
ZHANG, QI 31 Female China
[ 16H ]
BIAN, LIANGJING 27 Male China
[ 16J ]
MATRAHIM, NORFADZILLAH 39 Female Malaysia
[ 16K ]
TONG, SOONLEE 31 Male Malaysia
[ 17A ]
WENG, MEI 39 Female China
[ 17D ]
ZHANG, NA 34 Female China
[ 17E ]
HU, XIAONING 34 Male China
[ 17F ]
HU, SIWANCHD 3 Female China
[ 17G ]
SIREGAR, FIRMAN CHANDRA 25 Male Indonesia
[ 17H ]
SHIRSATH, KRANTI 44 Female India
[ 17J ]
MUSTAFA, SUHAILI 31 Female Malaysia
[ 17K ]
LEE, KAHKIN 32 Male Malaysia
[ 18A ]
GAN, TAO 44 Male China
[ 18C ]
LU, XIANCHU 33 Male China
[ 18D ]
ZHAO, QIWEI 37 Male China
[ 18E ]
ZHANG, XIAOLEI 32 Female China
[ 18F ]
ZHAO, YINGXINCHD 3 Female China
[ 18H ]
LIU, QIANG 40 Male China
[ 18J ]
RAMLAN, SAFUAN 32 Male Malaysia
[ 18K ]
YUSOP, MUZI 50 Male Malaysia
[ 19A ]
JU, KUN 32 Male China
[ 19C ]
WANG, XIMIN 50 Male New Zealand
[ 19D ]
SUADAYA, FERRYINDRA 42 Male Indonesia
[ 19E ]
SUADAYA, HERRYINDRA 35 Male Indonesia
[ 19F ]
TANURISAM, INDRASURIA 57 Male Indonesia
[ 19G ]
WANG, WILLYSURIJANTO 53 Male Indonesia
[ 19H ]
YANG, AILING 60 Female China
[ 19J ]
GUAN, HUAJIN 34 Female Malaysia
[ 19K ]
JIA, PING 32 Female China
[ 20A ]
BURROWS, RODNEY 59 Male Australia
[ 20C ]
BURROWS, MARY 54 Female Australia
[ 20D ]
CHEN, JIAN 58 Male China
[ 20F ]
FENG, JIXIN 70 Male China
[ 20G ]
WANG, YONGGANG 27 Male China
[ 20H ]
ZHANG, JIANWU 31 Male China
[ 20J ]
MENG, GAOSHENG 64 Male China
[ 20K ]
DING, LIJUN 43 Male China
[ 21A ]
LAWTON, CATHERINE 54 Female Australia
[ 21C ]
LAWTON, ROBERT 58 Male Australia
[ 21D ]
XING, FENGTAO 36 Male China
[ 21E ]
CHEW, KARMOOI 31 Female Malaysia
[ 21F ]
WONG, SAISANG 53 Male Malaysia
[ 21G ]
LIM, POWCHUAMS 43 Male Malaysia
[ 21H ]
TAN, AHMENG 46 Male Malaysia
[ 21J ]
TAN, WEICHEW 19 Male Malaysia
[ 21K ]
CHUANG, HSIULING 45 Female Taiwan
[ 22A ]
GUAN, WENJIE 35 Male China
[ 22C ]
LIU, JINPENG 33 Male China
[ 22D ]
WANG, CHUNHUA 34 Male China
[ 22H ]
ZHANG, SIMING 71 Female China
[ 22J ]
DOU, YUNSHAN 61 Male China
[ 22K ]
ZHANG, LIJUAN 61 Female China
[ 23A ]
XIN, XIXI 32 Female China
[ 23C ]
HUANG, YI 30 Female China
[ 23D ]
LIU, ZHONGFU 72 Male China
[ 23E ]
MAIMAITIJIANG, A 35 Male China
[ 23F ]
MAO, TUGUI 72 Male China
[ 23H ]
ZHAO, GANG 46 Male China
[ 23J ]
WEN, HAO DONG 32 Male China
[ 23K ]
YAN, XIAO DAN 27 Female China
[ 24A ]
OUYANG, XIN 38 Female China
[ 24C ]
YIN, BOYAN 33 Male China
[ 24D ]
ZHANG, YANHUI 44 Female China
[ 24E ]
YANG, JIABAO 26 Female China
[ 24F ]
WANG, DAN 54 Female China
[ 24G ]
LI, HONGJING 20 Female China
[ 24H ]
LI, GUOHUI 56 Male China
[ 24J ]
HUANG, TIANHUI 43 Male China
[ 24K ]
JIANG, CUIYUN 62 Female China
[ 25A ]
LIU, SHUNCHAO 46 Male China
[ 25C ]
DI, JIABIN 36 Male China
[ 25D ]
WATTRELOS, AMBRE 14 Female France
[ 25E ]
WATTRELOS, HADRIEN 17 Male France
[ 25F ]
WATTRELOS, LAURENCE 52 Female France
[ 25G ]
ZHAO, YAN 18 Female France
[ 25H ]
TANG, XUDONG 31 Male China
[ 25J ]
YAN, LING 29 Male China
[ 25K ]
CHEN, CHANGJUN 35 Male China
[ 26A ]
ZHAO, PENG 25 Male China
[ 26C ]
TIAN, JUNWEI 29 Male China
[ 26D ]
LUI, CHING 45 Female China
[ 26E ]
WANG, SHU MIN 61 Female China
[ 26F ]
WANG, XIANJUN 61 Male China
[ 26H ]
LI, ZHIXIN 35 Male China
[ 26J ]
TAN, SIOH PENG 42 Female Malaysia
[ 26K ]
CHEN, WEI HOING 43 Male Malaysia
[ 27D ]
DEINEKA, SERGII 45 Male Ukraine
[ 27E ]
CHUSTRAK, OLEG 45 Male Ukraine
[ 27G ]
ZANG, LINGDI 58 Female China
[ 27H ]
LIANG, LUYANG 60 Male China
[ 29A ]
MOHDKHAIRULAMRI, SELAMAT 29 Male Malaysia
[ 29C ]
PUSPANATHAN, SUBRAMANIAN 34 Male Malaysia
[ 29J ]
JIANG, XUEREN 62 Male China
[ 29K ]
LI, YANLIN 29 Male China
[ 30A ]
JIANG, YING 27 Female China
[ 30C ]
Iranian on stolen passport Male Iran
[ 30D ]
XU, CHUANE 57 Male China
[ 30E ]
ZHANG, YAN 36 Female China
[ 30F ]
MENG, BING 40 Male China
[ 30G ]
MENG, FANQUAN 70 Male China
[ 30H ]
MENG, NICOLECHD 4 Female USA
[ 30J ]
ZHANG, MENG 29 Female China
[ 30K ]
YAN, PENG 29 Male China
[ 31A ]
ZHOU, JINLING 61 Male China
[ 31C ]
ZHOU, FENG 56 Female China
[ 31D ]
ZHAO, ZHAOFANG 73 Female China
[ 31E ]
XIONG, DEMING 63 Female China
[ 31F ]
WANG, LINSHI 59 Male China
[ 31G ]
LOU, BAOTANG 79 Male China
[ 31H ]
LIU, RUSHENG 76 Male China
[ 31J ]
DONG, GUOWEI 48 Male China
[ 31K ]
BAO, YUANHUA 63 Female China
[ 32A ]
CHEN, YUN 57 Female China
[ 32C ]
DING, YING 62 Female China
[ 32D ]
HOU, AIQIN 45 Female China
[ 32E ]
SONG, CHUNLING 60 Female China
[ 32F ]
TANG, XUEZHU 57 Female China
[ 32G ]
YANG, QINGYUAN 57 Male China
[ 32H ]
YANG, XIAOMING 59 Female China
[ 32J ]
SURTIDAHLIA, MRS 50 Female Netherlands
[ 32K ]
FENG, DONG 21 Male China
[ 33A ]
CAO, RUI 32 Female China
[ 33C ]
MA, JUNMR 33 Male China
[ 33D ]
SONG, FEIFEI 32 Male China
[ 33E ]
ZHANG, HUA 43 Male China
[ 33G ]
TEOH, KIMLUN 36 Male Malaysia
[ 33H ]
YAO, LIFEI 31 Male China
[ 33J ]
YA, NA 26 Female China
[ 33K ]
HAN, JING 53 Female China
[ 34A ]
FU, BAOFENG 28 Male China
[ 34C ]
Iranian on stolen passport Male Iran
[ 34D ]
YUE, WENCHAO 26 Male China
[ 34G ]
ZHANG, YAN 45 Female China
[ 34H ]
WANG, YONGQIANG 30 Male China
[ 34J ]
SU, QIANGGUO 71 Male China
[ 34K ]
SONG, KUN 25 Male China
[ 35A ]
KOLEKAR, VINOD 59 Male India
[ 35C ]
KOLEKAR, CHETANA 55 Female India
[ 35D ]
KOLEKAR, SWANAND 23 Male India
[ 35G ]
WANG, HAITAO 26 Male China
[ 35H ]
LUO, WEI 29 Male China
[ 35J ]
LI, YAN 31 Female China
[ 35K ]
GAO, GE 27 Female China
[ 36A ]
HOU, BO 35 Male China
[ 36B ]
WEN, YONGSHENG 34 Male China
[ 36C ]
WANG, CHUNYONG 43 Male China
[ 36G ]
LI, ZHI 41 Male China
[ 36H ]
TAN, TEIK HIN 32 Male Malaysia
[ 36J ]
DU, WENZHONG 50 Male China
[ 36K ]
LIN, MINGFENG 34 Male China
[ 37A ]
SHI, XIANWEN 26 Male China
[ 37C ]
WANG, LIJUN 49 Male China
[ 37D ]
WANG, RUI 35 Male China
[ 37H ]
JIAO, WEIWEI 32 Female China
[ 37J ]
ZHOU, SHIJIE 64 Male China
[ 37K ]
YIN, YUEWANG 21 Male China
[ 38A ]
LI, WENBO 29 Female China
[ 38C ]
ZHENG, RUIXIAN 42 Female China
[ 38D ]
JIAO, WENXUE 58 Male China
[ 38G ]
JINGHANG, JEE 41 Male Malaysia
[ 38H ]
DAI, SHULING 58 Female China
[ 38J ]
BIAN, MAOQIN 67 Female China
[ 38K ]
WANG, YONGHUI 33 Male China
[ 39A ]
LI, MINGZHONG 69 Male China
[ 39D ]
LIU, FENG YING 65 Female China
[ 39G ]
YUAN, JIN 63 Female China
[ 39J ]
ZHANG, LIQIN 43 Female China
[ 39K ]
WANG, HOUBIN 28 Male China
[ 40A ]
ZHU, JUNYAN 41 Female China
[ 40C ]
ZHANG, ZHONGHAI 43 Male China
[ 40D ]
ZHANG, JINQUAN 72 Male China
[ 40E ]
YAO, JIANFENG 70 Male China
[ 40F ]
YANG, MEIHUA 65 Female China
[ 40G ]
DAISY, ANNE 56 Female Malaysia
[ 40J ]
CHE, JUNZHANG 68 Female China
[ 40K ]
AN, WENLAN 65 Female China
[ 41D ]
LIANG, XUYANG 30 Male China
[ 41G ]
DING, YING 28 Female China
Child 1
WANG, MOHENG 2 Male China
Child 2
MENG, LEO 2 Male USA


9M-MRO
Aircraft Registration Number for the Boeing 777 used for Flight MH370. More Info


2157
A2157
SSR transponder code A2157 allocated to Flight MH370


Tooltips:Alfa

B

B777
Boeing 777 aircraft
777-200ER
Boeing 777-200 Extended Range
777-200LR
Boeing 777-200 Long Range
Bathymetry
The study and mapping of sea floor topography. It involves obtaining measurements of the ocean depth and is equivalent to mapping topography on land. (Source: ATSB)
BEA
Bureau d’Enquêtes et d’Analyses (France)
BFO
Burst frequency offset. BFO is a measure of the difference between the expected frequency of a satellite transmission and the frequency received at the ground station. (Source: ATSB)
BITE
Built In Test Equipment
Blind transmission
A transmission from one station to another station in circumstances where two-way communications cannot be established but where it is believed that the called station is able to receive the transmission. (Source: Safety Investigation Report MH370/01/2018)
BTO
Burst Timing Offset. BTO is a measure of the time taken for a satellite transmission round trip (ground station to satellite to aircraft and back) and allows a calculation of the distance between the satellite and the aircraft. (Source: ATSB)

C

CAAC
Civil Aviation Administration of China
CAAS
Civil Aviation Authority Singapore
CDU
CDUs
Control Display Unit
CHIRPS
Confidential Human Factors Accident Incident Reporting System
CMCS
Central Maintenance Computing System


Controlled air space
Airspace that is actively monitored and managed by air traffic controllers. To enter controlled airspace, an aircraft must first gain a clearance from an air traffic controller. (Source: ATSB)
C of G
Centre of Gravity
CPDLC
Controller Pilot Data Link Communications


CPM
CPMs
Core Processor Module
CPMU
Cabin Passenger Management Unit
CRM
Crew Resource Management
CSIRO
Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (Australia)
CTU
Cabin Telecommunications Unit
CVR
Cockpit Voice Recorder
Data Point
data point
data points
A reference to data recovered from Captain Shah's Flight Simulator. Defined Here
DC
Direct Current
DC-3
DC-3C
A twin-engine propellor driven aircraft manufactured by the Douglas Aircraft Company prior to World War II
DCGF
Data Conversion Gateway Function
DCA
Department of Civil Aviation (Malaysia)
DCMF
Data Communication Management Function
DCMS
Data Communication Management System
DEFTECH
DEFTECH is a Malaysian Government defence contractor. It is responsible for the procurement and contract management of chosen operators in the search for MH370, such as Phoenix International. (Source: ATSB)
DETRESFA
The code word used to designate a distress phase
DFDAF
Digital Flight Data Acquisition Function
DFDAU
Digital Flight Data Acquisition Unit
DGA/TA
General Delegate of Armament Aeronautical Technique (in France)
Distress Phase
Distress phase
distress phase
A situation wherein there is a reasonable certainty that an aircraft and its occupants are threatened by grave and imminent danger and require immediate assistance.
DLNA
Diplexer Low Noise Amplifier
DME
Distance Measuring Equipment
DSTG
Defence, Science and Technology Group (Australia)
DSTO
Defence Science and Technology Organisation (Australia)
DST Group
Defence, Science and Technology Group (Australia)
DVI
Disaster Victim Identification
ECL
Electronic Checklist
EDIU
Engine Data Interface Unit
EDP
EDPs
Engine Driven Pump
EEC
Electronic Engine Control
EFIS
Electronic Flight Instrument System
EHM
Engine Health Monitoring
EICAS
Engine Indicating and Crew Alerting System
ELMS
Electrical Load Management System
ELT
Emergency Locator Transmitter
Emergency Phase
Emergency phase
emergency phase
A generic term meaning, as the case may be, uncertainty phase, alert phase or distress phase
EOC
Emergency Operations Center


EPR
Autothrottle Engine Pressure Ratio
ETA
Estimated time of Arrival
ETOPS
Extended Twin Engine Operations. ETOPS is an aviation rule that allows twin-engine airliners to fly long distance routes that were previously off-limits to twin-engine aircraft.
EYCL
Economy Class
FAA
Federal Aviation Administration (US)
FAR
Federal Aviation Regulations
FDEVSS
Flight Deck Entry Video Surveillance System


FDR
Flight Data Recorder
FESU
Flap Slat Electronic Unit
FFP
Filed Flight Plan
Filed Flight Plan – The flight plan as filed with an Air Traffic Services unit by the pilot or his designated representative, without any subsequent changes.
FIRs
FIR
Flight Information Region
Flight Progress Strip
It contains essential flight and control data and is the basic tool which enables Controllers to visualize the disposition of traffic within their area of responsibility including traffic arriving and departing an aerodrome, assess conflicts and control aircraft in a safe manner.
FMC
Flight Management Computer
FMCF
Flight Management Control Function
FMCS
Flight Management Control System
FMS
Flight Management System
FO
First Officer
FSEU
Flap Slat Electronic Unit
FS
Flight Steward
FSS
Flight Stewardess
GADSS
Global Aeronautical Distress and Safety System
GCC
GCCL
Golden Class Club or Business Class
GES
Ground earth station. A satellite ground station sends or receives data from orbiting satellites. (Source: ATSB)
GHz
Giga Hertz
GMT
Greenwich Mean Time
GNSS
Global Navigation Satellite System
GPS
Global Positioning System
GPWS
Ground Proximity Warning System
GWT
Gross Weight
Handshake
Satellite log-on interrogation messages that originate at the ground earth station and are transmitted through the satellite to the aircraft’s satellite communication system. (Source: ATSB)
HCM ACC
Ho Chi Minh (Viet Nam) Area Control Centre (or Air Traffic Control Centre)
HCMATCC
HCM ATCC
Ho Chi Minh Air Traffic Control Centre
HDG
Heading
HF
High Frequency
HGA
HGAs
High Gain Antenna(s)
HLCS
High Lift Control System
HPA
High Power Amplifier
HRS
Hours
HYDIM
Hydraulic Interface Module
IAS
Indicated Airspeed
IATA
International Air Transport Association
ICAO
International Civil Aviation Organisation
ID
Identification
IDG
IDGs
Integrated Drive Generator
IFE
In Flight Entertainment system
IFS
In-flight Supervisor
IGV
Inlet Guide Vane
ILS
Instrument Landing System
INCERFA
Uncertainty Phase
IOM
IOMs
Input/output modules
IOR
Indian Oceanic Region
IOR2
Inmarsat geostationary satellite above the Indian Ocean
IOR I-3
Inmarsat geostationary satellite above the Indian Ocean
IOSA
IATA Operational Safety Audit
JACC
Joint Agency Coordination Centre (Australia)
JIT
Joint Investigation Team (Convened by the Malaysian Government comprising experts from the People’s Republic of China, France, Malaysia, United Kingdom, United States and Malaysian Government officials.) Source: ATSB
JRCC
Joint Rescue Coordination Centre
JRCC Australia is coordinated by the Australian Maritime Safety Authority (AMSA)
KL ACC
Kuala Lumpur Area Control Centre (or Air Traffic Control Centre)
KLATCC
KL ATCC
Kuala Lumpur Air Traffic Control Centre
KL ARCC
Kuala Lumpur Aeronautical Rescue Coordination Centre
KL ATSC
Kuala Lumpur Air Traffic Services Centre
Knot
Knots
A unit of speed that is equal to one nautical mile (1.852 km) per hour
kt
Knot - A unit of speed that is equal to one nautical mile (1.852 km) per hour
KVA
Kilo Volt Ampere
LAT
Latitude (degrees)
LED
Light Emitting Diode
LG
Lumpur Ground (Air Traffic Control at KLIA)
LGA
Low Gain Antenna
LNA
Low Noise Amplifier
LNAV
Lateral Navigation
LONG
Longitude (degrees)
LR
Lumpur Radar (Air Traffic Control at KLIA)
LRM
Line Replaceable Module
LT
Lumpur Tower (Air Traffic Control at KLIA)
MAB
Malaysian Airlines Berhad (Formerly Malaysia Airline Systems [MAS])
MAC
Mean Aerodynamic Chord
MACH
Mach number
Aircraft speed relative to the speed of sound
MAHB
Malaysia Airports Holdings Berhad
ẟMAS
Malaysia Airline Systems
MAS
Malaysia Airline Systems
MAS370
Malaysia Airline Systems flight MH370
MAS ODC
Malaysia Airlines Operations Despatch Centre
MATS
Manual of Air Traffic Services
MCAR
Malaysian Civil Aviation Regulations (1996)
MCC
Maintenance Control Centre
MCDU
MCDUs
Multi-purpose Control Display Unit(s)
MCMC
Malaysian Communications and Multimedia Commission (Also known as SKMM - Suruhanjaya Komunikasi dan Multimedia Malaysia)
MCP
Mode Control Panel
MEC
Main Equipment Centre
MEL
Minimum Equipment List
MET
Meteorological or meteorology
MFD
Multi-Function Display
MRO
Malaysia Airlines Boeing 777 9M-MRO
MHz
Megahertz
MOC
MAS Operations Centre
MoT
Ministry of Transport (Malaysia)
MRCC
Maritime Rescue Coordination Centre.
MSG
Message
MTSA
Multifunctional Transport Satellites of Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA)
MTSAT
A series of Japanese weather and aviation satellites and GESs. MTSAT-1R and MTSAT-2 satellites are interoperable with Inmarsat satellites.
nak
Not acknowledged
NATCC
National Air Traffic Control Centre
Nautical mile (NM)
A unit of distance based on the circumference of the earth, used for marine charting and navigating. One nautical mile (NM) is equal to 1.852 km.
ND
NDs
Navigation Display
NDB
Non-directional Beacon
NM
Nautical Mile
NOK
NOKs
Next-of-kin
Northern Corridor
northern corridor
An area stretching approximately from the border of Kazakhstan and Turkmenistan to northern Thailand. See Najib's Statement 15 March 2014


NOTAM
Notices to Airmen
NOTOC
Notice to Crew
NTSB
National Transport Safety Board (US)
NTSC
National Transportation Safety Committee (Indonesia)
OCC
Operations Control Centre
OCXO
Oven Controlled Crystal Oscillator
ODC
Operations Despatch Centre
OPS
Operations
OOOI
Out, Off, On, In
PANS-ATM
Procedures for Air Navigation - Air Traffic Management
PAX
Persons - number of passengers
PDRM
Polis DiRaja Malaysia (Royal Malaysia Police)
PDS
Primary Display System
PDU
Power Drive Unit
PEK
Beijing (Peking)
PER
IATA Code for PERishable cargo
PFC
PFCs
Primary Flight Computer
PFCS
Primary Flight Control System
PFD
Primary Flight Display
PIC
Pilot in Command
Ping
A pulse of sonar sound. (Source: ATSB)
PLN
Flight Plan
PLS
Please
PLSE
Please
PMG
Permanent Magnet Generator
PNR
Passenger Name Record More Info
POR
Pacific Ocean Region
POR1
Inmarsat geostationary satellite above the Pacific Ocean
POR I-3
Inmarsat geostationary satellite above the Pacific Ocean
POS
Position (cargo bay location)
ppm
parts per million
Primary radar
Primary (or terminal area) radar relies on radio waves reflecting off metallic objects and is effective within a short range from the radar head, which is usually located at an airport. (Source: ATSB)
PSA
Power Supply Assembly
PSEU
Proximity Switch Electronic Unit
PSR
Primary Surveillance Radar
PSU
PSUs
Passenger Service Units
RAAF
Royal Australian Air Force
RAT
Ram Air Turbine
RADAR
Radio Detection and Range
RCC
Rescue Coordination Centre
RF ATTN
Radio Frequency Attenuator (part of the SATCOM system)
RFS
Radio Frequency Splitter (part of the SATCOM system)
RFU
Radio Frequency Unit (part of the SATCOM system)
RMAF
Royal Malaysian Air Force
RMP
Royal Malaysian Police.
RNAV
Area Navigation
ROV
Remotely Operated Vehicle
RQS
Request Supplementary Flight Plan
RR
Rolls Royce
RSC
Rescue Sub-Centre
RTP
Radio Tuning Panel
RVSM
Reduced Vertical Separation Minima
RWY
Runway
SAARU
Secondary Attitude and Air Data Reference Unit
SANYA
A city on Hainan Island (China)
SANYA FIR
Sanya flight information region, (ZJSA), administered by an air traffic control centre in Sanya on Hainan Island (China)
SAP
Safety Awareness Programme
SAR
Search And Rescue
SARP
SARPs
Standards and Recommended Practices
SAS
Synthetic Aperture Sonar
A sonar system which uses sophisticated post-processing of sonar data to combine a number of sonar pings to form an image with higher resolution than conventional sonar. (Source: ATSB)
SAT
Static Air Temperature
SATCOM
Satellite Communications
SATCOM WG
Satellite Communications Working Group
SDU
Satellite Data Unit
Secondary radar
Secondary (or en route) radar returns are dependent on a transponder in the aircraft to reply to an interrogation from a radar ground station. (Source: ATSB)
Seventh arc
Independent analysis of satellite communications and aircraft performance confirms MH370 will be found in close proximity to the arc labelled as the 7th arc. The arc extends from latitude 20 degrees south to latitude 39 degrees south. At the time MH370 reached this arc the aircraft is considered to have exhausted its fuel and to have been descending. (Source: ATSB)
Shadow Copy
A hidden file created by the Volume Shadow Copy Service in Microsoft Windows operating systems to enable a user to restore a file to a previous version. More Info
SID
SIDs
Standard Instrument Departure
SITA
Société Internationale de Télécommunications Aéronautiques
SITREP
Situation Report
SKMM
Suruhanjaya Komunikasi dan Multimedia Malaysia (Also known as MCMC - Malaysian Communications and Multimedia Commission)
SME
Site Maintenance Engineer


SMS
Short Message Service, a text message
SOP
SOPs
Standard Operating Procedures
Southern Corridor
southern corridor
An area stretching approximately from Indonesia to the southern Indian ocean. See Najib's Statement 15 March 2014
SRU
Search and Rescue Unit
SSR
Secondary Surveillance Radar - A surveillance radar system which uses transmitters/receivers system (interrogators) and transponders.
STAR
STARs
Standard Instrument Arrival. A designated Instrument Flight Rule (IFR) arrival route linking a significant point, normally on an Air Traffic Service (ATS) route, with a point from which a published instrument approach procedure can be commenced.
Strayed aircraft
strayed aircraft
An aircraft that has deviated significantly from its intended track or which reports that it is lost.
SSWG
Search Strategy Working Group. Coordinated by the ATSB, the group of international satellite and aircraft specialists has been working towards defining the most probable position of MH370, at the time of the last satellite communications. (Source: ATSB)
Taxi
The aircraft is moving on the aerodrome surface under its own power prior to takeoff or after landing.
TCAS
Traffic Collision Avoidance System
TCP
Transfer of Control Point
A defined point located along the flight path of an aircraft, at which the responsibility for providing air traffic control service to the aircraft is transferred from one control unit or control position to the next.
Transponder
A device that emits an identifying signal in response to an interrogating received signal from a communications satellite or ground station. (Source: ATSB)
Tripartite
Shared by or involving three parties. Tripartite meetings that make decisions with regard to MH370 involve the governments of Australia, Malaysia and the People’s Republic of China. (Source: ATSB)
TRK
Track
TRU
Transformer Rectifier Unit
TSCP
Transcript
TTL
Total
TSIB
Transport Safety Investigation Bureau of Singapore (formerly Air Accident Investigation Bureau [AAIB])
Tuoi Tre
Tuổi Trẻ is a Vietnamese daily news publisher
ULB
Underwater Locator Beacon. A device attached to aviation flight recorders that when immersed in water emits an acoustic signal, to assist with locating an aircraft’s Flight Data Recorder and Cockpit Voice Recorder. (Source: ATSB)
Uncertainty phase
A situation wherein doubt exists as to the safety of an aircraft or a marine vessel, and the Persons on board.
Unidentified aircraft
unidentified aircraft
An aircraft that has been observed or reported to be operating in a given area but whose identity has not been established.
US
United States
USA
United States of America


V
Volt
V/S
Vertical Speed
VDL
VHF Digital Link
VHF
Very High Frequency
VNAV
Vertical Navigation
VSI
An abbreviation for Volume System Information file used by RMP forensic investigators but more accurately means a System Volume Information folder. More Info
Volume System Information
Volume System Information file
Volume System Information (VSI) file
A term used by RMP forensic investigators but more accurately rendered as System Volume Information folder. More Info


VOR
VHF Omni Directional Radio Range
Waypoint
waypoint
A predetermined geographical position that is defined in terms of latitude and longitude coordinates, used for navigation. More Info


WINDIR
Wind Direction
WINDSP
Wind Speed
Xcoal Energy & Resources
A US-based coal marketing and logistics company, operating globally, with an office in China.


'From the Beginning'. Ab initio flight training refers to starting as a beginner

'From the Beginning'. Ab initio flight training refers to starting as a beginner

'From the Beginning'. Ab initio flight training refers to starting as a beginner

A word formed by taking letters from each word in a phrase or series of words. For example radar is an acronym formed from the words radio detecting and ranging.

Yes

An aircraft is considered airborne when all parts of the aircraft are off the ground. (Source: FAA)

Federal Aviation Administration (US)

As soon as possible

a spot of light on a radar screen indicating the position of a detected aircraft (Source: Safety Investigation Report)

The Safety Investigation Report MH370/01/2018 was released by the Malaysian ICAO Annex 13 Safety Investigation Team for MH370 in July 2018. More Info

a form of media release, an official bulletin

a form of media release, an official bulletin

a form of media release, an official bulletin

a form of media release, an official bulletin

A not-for-profit digital library also known as the Wayback Machine which stores snapshots of significant websites at various dates. See The Wayback Machine and MH370.

words and terminology used by specialists in a trade or profession that may be difficult for other people to understand

A list of people and goods carried on a ship or plane.

A list of people and goods carried on a ship or plane.

based on the word 'opinion' - to express an opinion

based on the word 'opinion' - to express an opinion

An Internet site providing access or links to other sites.

a set of rules which standardise a process or procedure

withdrawn, hidden or removed (before publication)

A representation of a website at a particular date and time. The Wayback Machine captures 'snapshots' of websites and stores the pages or files in the Web Archive.

Additional information which appears on the screen when the cursor or mouse pointer is placed over some text which is faintly underlined.

Additional information which appears on the screen when the cursor or mouse pointer is placed over some text which is faintly underlined.

something spoken

In radio communications from MH370 each instance of a person speaking is an utterance.

International Civil Aviation Organisation

Annex 13 of the Convention on International Civil Aviation (Chicago, 1944) provides the international Standards and Recommended Practices for Aircraft Accident Inquiries and was developed by ICAO. These practices are the basis for aviation accident, serious incident and incident investigations, accident prevention and accident and serious incident reporting. (Source: ATSB)

Investigator-in-Charge

Senior Investigator/Chairman of Operations Committee

Senior Investigator/Chairman of Airworthiness Committee

Senior Investigator/Chairman of Medical/Human Factors Committee

Investigator, Airworthiness

Investigator, Airworthiness

Investigator, Airworthiness

Investigator, Operations

Investigator, Operations

Investigator, Medical/Human Factors

Investigator, Operations

Investigator, Operations

Investigator, Operations

Investigator, Operations

Investigator, Medical/Human Factors

Investigator, Medical/Human Factors

Investigator, Operations (from January 2018)

Investigator, Medical/Human Factors

Investigator, Medical/Human Factors

Investigator, Operations (April 2014 - April 2015)

Shared by or involving three parties. Tripartite meetings that make decisions with regard to MH370 involve the governments of Australia, Malaysia and the People’s Republic of China. (Source: ATSB)

Minister of Transport (Malaysia)

Minister of Transport (Malaysia)

Minister for Infrastructure and Transport (Australia)

Minister for Infrastructure and Transport (Australia)

Minister of Transport, People’s Republic of China

Minister of Transport, People’s Republic of China

Deputy Minister of Transport. Leader of the Technical Committee.

Deputy Minister of Defence. Leader of the Asset Deployment Committee.

Group Chief Executive Officer, Malaysia Airlines

Group Chief Executive Officer, Malaysia Airlines

Director, Air Traffic Services, Department of Civil Aviation

Director, Air Traffic Services, Department of Civil Aviation

Air Chief Marshal (ret.), Former Chief of the Defense Force Australia. Head of the Joint Agency Co-ordination Centre (JACC)

Joint Agency Coordination Centre (Australia)

US Secretary of Defence

United States

Deputy Director of the Criminal Investigation Department (CID) of the Royal Malaysia Police

Deputy Secretary General III of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs

Minister of Defence and Acting Minister of Transport

Minister of Defence and Acting Minister of Transport

Minister of Defence and Acting Minister of Transport

Director-General, Department of Civil Aviation (DCA)

Director-General, Department of Civil Aviation (DCA)

Department of Civil Aviation (Malaysia)

Prime Minister, Malaysia

Prime Minister, Malaysia

Lieutenant General Dato’Sri Ackbal bin Haji Abdul Samad is Air Operation Commander, Royal Malaysia Air Force

Lieutenant General Dato’Sri Ackbal bin Haji Abdul Samad is Air Operation Commander, Royal Malaysia Air Force

First Officer, MH370

First Officer, MH370

First Officer, MH370

First Officer, MH370

Deputy Minister of Foreign Affairs. Leads the Next of Kin Committee.

Led the investigation into the Air France 447 crash

British Secretary of State for Defence

Assistant Director, National Air Traffic Control Centre (NATCC)

National Air Traffic Control Centre

General Tan Sri Dato’ Sri Rodzali Bin Daud is Chief of the Royal Malaysian Air Force

General Tan Sri Dato’ Sri Rodzali Bin Daud is Chief of the Royal Malaysian Air Force

Prime Minister’s special envoy to China

Prime Minister of Australia

Volt

Captain and Pilot in Command, MH370

Captain and Pilot in Command, MH370

Captain and Pilot in Command, MH370

Southern Indian Ocean

Melbourne, capital city of the State of Victoria in Australia

China Standard Time is Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) + 8 hours

Coordinated Universal Time

Greenwich Mean Time

Greenwich Mean Time. Superseded by Coordinated Universal Time (UTC)

Malaysian Time (MYT) is Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) + 8 hours

En-route

Estimate

The number of days since MH370 went missing. Day 001 is 8 March 2014.

TAN, CHONGLING 48 Male Malaysia

GAN, FUXIANG 49 Male China

CHNG, MEI LING 33 Female Malaysia

WEEKS, PAUL 39 Male New Zealand

YUE, GUIJU 51 Female China

BRODSKII, NIKOLAI 43 Male Russia

BAI, XIAOMO 37 Female Canada

MUKHERJEE, MUKTESH 42 Male Canada

MOHAMADSOFUAN, IBRAHIM 33 Male Malaysia

XING, QIAO 27 Female China

TIAN, QINGJUN 51 Male China

WOOD, PHILIP 51 Male USA

United States of America

LIN, ANNAN 27 Male China

XIE, LIPING 51 Female China

ZHANG, XUEWEN 61 Male China

HUE, PUIHENG 66 Male Malaysia

LI, LE 36 Male China

BIBYNAZLI, MOHDHASSIM 62 Female Malaysia

DINA, MOHAMEDYUNUSRAMLI 30 Female Malaysia

MARIA, MOHAMEDYUNUSRAMLI 52 Female Malaysia

HASHIM, NOORIDA 57 Female Malaysia

WANG, SHOUXIAN 69 Male China

KOH, TIONGMENG 40 Male Malaysia

MUHAMMADRAZAHAN, ZAMANIMR 24 Male Malaysia

NORLIAKMAR, HAMIDMDM 33 Male Malaysia

ZHANG, SHAOHUA 32 Female China

ZHANG, HUALIAN 42 Female China

LI, YUCHEN 27 Male China

LI, YUAN 33 Male Australia

LI, JIE 27 Female China

KANG, XU 34 Male China

GU, NAIJUN 31 Female Australia

SHARMA, CHANDRIKA 51 Female India

CHAN, HUANPEEN 46 Male Malaysia

LEE, SEWCHUMDM 55 Female Malaysia

NG, MAYLI 37 Female Malaysia

YANG, LI 35 Female China

LU, JIANHUA 57 Male China

MA, WENZHI 57 Female China

SIM, KENGWEI 53 Male Malaysia

ZHANG, CHI 58 Female China

WAN, HOCKKHOON 42 Male Malaysia

TEE, LIN KEONG 50 Male Malaysia

LI, ZHIJIN 30 Male China

YAP, CHEEMENG 39 Male Malaysia

SUGIANTO, LO 47 Male Indonesia

VINNY, CHYNTHYATIO 47 Female Indonesia

ZHANG, QI 31 Female China

BIAN, LIANGJING 27 Male China

MATRAHIM, NORFADZILLAH 39 Female Malaysia

TONG, SOONLEE 31 Male Malaysia

WENG, MEI 39 Female China

ZHANG, NA 34 Female China

HU, XIAONING 34 Male China

HU, SIWANCHD 3 Female China

SIREGAR, FIRMAN CHANDRA 25 Male Indonesia

SHIRSATH, KRANTI 44 Female India

MUSTAFA, SUHAILI 31 Female Malaysia

LEE, KAHKIN 32 Male Malaysia

GAN, TAO 44 Male China

LU, XIANCHU 33 Male China

ZHAO, QIWEI 37 Male China

ZHANG, XIAOLEI 32 Female China

ZHAO, YINGXINCHD 3 Female China

LIU, QIANG 40 Male China

RAMLAN, SAFUAN 32 Male Malaysia

YUSOP, MUZI 50 Male Malaysia

JU, KUN 32 Male China

WANG, XIMIN 50 Male New Zealand

SUADAYA, FERRYINDRA 42 Male Indonesia

SUADAYA, HERRYINDRA 35 Male Indonesia

TANURISAM, INDRASURIA 57 Male Indonesia

WANG, WILLYSURIJANTO 53 Male Indonesia

YANG, AILING 60 Female China

GUAN, HUAJIN 34 Female Malaysia

JIA, PING 32 Female China

BURROWS, RODNEY 59 Male Australia

BURROWS, MARY 54 Female Australia

CHEN, JIAN 58 Male China

FENG, JIXIN 70 Male China

WANG, YONGGANG 27 Male China

ZHANG, JIANWU 31 Male China

MENG, GAOSHENG 64 Male China

DING, LIJUN 43 Male China

LAWTON, CATHERINE 54 Female Australia

LAWTON, ROBERT 58 Male Australia

XING, FENGTAO 36 Male China

CHEW, KARMOOI 31 Female Malaysia

WONG, SAISANG 53 Male Malaysia

LIM, POWCHUAMS 43 Male Malaysia

TAN, AHMENG 46 Male Malaysia

TAN, WEICHEW 19 Male Malaysia

CHUANG, HSIULING 45 Female Taiwan

GUAN, WENJIE 35 Male China

LIU, JINPENG 33 Male China

WANG, CHUNHUA 34 Male China

ZHANG, SIMING 71 Female China

DOU, YUNSHAN 61 Male China

ZHANG, LIJUAN 61 Female China

XIN, XIXI 32 Female China

HUANG, YI 30 Female China

LIU, ZHONGFU 72 Male China

MAIMAITIJIANG, A 35 Male China

MAO, TUGUI 72 Male China

ZHAO, GANG 46 Male China

WEN, HAO DONG 32 Male China

YAN, XIAO DAN 27 Female China

OUYANG, XIN 38 Female China

YIN, BOYAN 33 Male China

Navaid Name YINGDE Country CN Location Yingde Type VOR Latitude 24° 12' 24.00" N Longitude 113° 24' 36.00" E

ZHANG, YANHUI 44 Female China

YANG, JIABAO 26 Female China

WANG, DAN 54 Female China

LI, HONGJING 20 Female China

LI, GUOHUI 56 Male China

HUANG, TIANHUI 43 Male China

JIANG, CUIYUN 62 Female China

LIU, SHUNCHAO 46 Male China

DI, JIABIN 36 Male China

WATTRELOS, AMBRE 14 Female France

WATTRELOS, HADRIEN 17 Male France

WATTRELOS, LAURENCE 52 Female France

ZHAO, YAN 18 Female France

TANG, XUDONG 31 Male China

YAN, LING 29 Male China

CHEN, CHANGJUN 35 Male China

ZHAO, PENG 25 Male China

TIAN, JUNWEI 29 Male China

LUI, CHING 45 Female China

WANG, SHU MIN 61 Female China

WANG, XIANJUN 61 Male China

LI, ZHIXIN 35 Male China

TAN, SIOH PENG 42 Female Malaysia

CHEN, WEI HOING 43 Male Malaysia

DEINEKA, SERGII 45 Male Ukraine

CHUSTRAK, OLEG 45 Male Ukraine

ZANG, LINGDI 58 Female China

LIANG, LUYANG 60 Male China

MOHDKHAIRULAMRI, SELAMAT 29 Male Malaysia

PUSPANATHAN, SUBRAMANIAN 34 Male Malaysia

JIANG, XUEREN 62 Male China

LI, YANLIN 29 Male China

JIANG, YING 27 Female China

Iranian on stolen passport Male Iran

XU, CHUANE 57 Male China

ZHANG, YAN 36 Female China

MENG, BING 40 Male China

MENG, FANQUAN 70 Male China

MENG, NICOLECHD 4 Female USA

ZHANG, MENG 29 Female China

YAN, PENG 29 Male China

ZHOU, JINLING 61 Male China

ZHOU, FENG 56 Female China

ZHAO, ZHAOFANG 73 Female China

XIONG, DEMING 63 Female China

WANG, LINSHI 59 Male China

LOU, BAOTANG 79 Male China

LIU, RUSHENG 76 Male China

DONG, GUOWEI 48 Male China

BAO, YUANHUA 63 Female China

CHEN, YUN 57 Female China

DING, YING 62 Female China

HOU, AIQIN 45 Female China

SONG, CHUNLING 60 Female China

TANG, XUEZHU 57 Female China

YANG, QINGYUAN 57 Male China

YANG, XIAOMING 59 Female China

SURTIDAHLIA, MRS 50 Female Netherlands

FENG, DONG 21 Male China

CAO, RUI 32 Female China

MA, JUNMR 33 Male China

SONG, FEIFEI 32 Male China

ZHANG, HUA 43 Male China

TEOH, KIMLUN 36 Male Malaysia

YAO, LIFEI 31 Male China

YA, NA 26 Female China

HAN, JING 53 Female China

FU, BAOFENG 28 Male China

Iranian on stolen passport Male Iran

YUE, WENCHAO 26 Male China

ZHANG, YAN 45 Female China

WANG, YONGQIANG 30 Male China

SU, QIANGGUO 71 Male China

SONG, KUN 25 Male China

KOLEKAR, VINOD 59 Male India

KOLEKAR, CHETANA 55 Female India

KOLEKAR, SWANAND 23 Male India

WANG, HAITAO 26 Male China

LUO, WEI 29 Male China

LI, YAN 31 Female China

GAO, GE 27 Female China

HOU, BO 35 Male China

WEN, YONGSHENG 34 Male China

WANG, CHUNYONG 43 Male China

LI, ZHI 41 Male China

TAN, TEIK HIN 32 Male Malaysia

DU, WENZHONG 50 Male China

LIN, MINGFENG 34 Male China

SHI, XIANWEN 26 Male China

WANG, LIJUN 49 Male China

WANG, RUI 35 Male China

JIAO, WEIWEI 32 Female China

ZHOU, SHIJIE 64 Male China

YIN, YUEWANG 21 Male China

LI, WENBO 29 Female China

ZHENG, RUIXIAN 42 Female China

JIAO, WENXUE 58 Male China

JINGHANG, JEE 41 Male Malaysia

DAI, SHULING 58 Female China

BIAN, MAOQIN 67 Female China

WANG, YONGHUI 33 Male China

LI, MINGZHONG 69 Male China

LIU, FENG YING 65 Female China

YUAN, JIN 63 Female China

ZHANG, LIQIN 43 Female China

WANG, HOUBIN 28 Male China

ZHU, JUNYAN 41 Female China

ZHANG, ZHONGHAI 43 Male China

ZHANG, JINQUAN 72 Male China

YAO, JIANFENG 70 Male China

YANG, MEIHUA 65 Female China

DAISY, ANNE 56 Female Malaysia

CHE, JUNZHANG 68 Female China

AN, WENLAN 65 Female China

Aircraft Number

LIANG, XUYANG 30 Male China

DING, YING 28 Female China

WANG, MOHENG 2 Male China

MENG, LEO 2 Male USA

Aircraft Registration Number for the Boeing 777 used for Flight MH370. More Info

SSR transponder code A2157 allocated to Flight MH370

SSR transponder code A2157 allocated to Flight MH370

Secondary Surveillance Radar - A surveillance radar system which uses transmitters/receivers system (interrogators) and transponders.

Boeing 777 aircraft

Boeing 777-200 Extended Range

Boeing 777-200 Long Range

The study and mapping of sea floor topography. It involves obtaining measurements of the ocean depth and is equivalent to mapping topography on land. (Source: ATSB)

Australia Transport Safety Bureau

Bureau d’Enquêtes et d’Analyses (France)

Burst frequency offset. BFO is a measure of the difference between the expected frequency of a satellite transmission and the frequency received at the ground station. (Source: ATSB)

Built In Test Equipment

A transmission from one station to another station in circumstances where two-way communications cannot be established but where it is believed that the called station is able to receive the transmission. (Source: Safety Investigation Report MH370/01/2018)

Burst Timing Offset. BTO is a measure of the time taken for a satellite transmission round trip (ground station to satellite to aircraft and back) and allows a calculation of the distance between the satellite and the aircraft. (Source: ATSB)

Civil Aviation Administration of China

Civil Aviation Authority Singapore

Control Display Unit

Control Display Unit

Confidential Human Factors Accident Incident Reporting System

Central Maintenance Computing System

Airspace that is actively monitored and managed by air traffic controllers. To enter controlled airspace, an aircraft must first gain a clearance from an air traffic controller. (Source: ATSB)

Centre of Gravity

Controller Pilot Data Link Communications

Core Processor Module

Core Processor Module

Cabin Passenger Management Unit

Crew Resource Management

Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (Australia)

Cabin Telecommunications Unit

Cockpit Voice Recorder

A reference to data recovered from Captain Shah's Flight Simulator. Defined Here

A reference to data recovered from Captain Shah's Flight Simulator. Defined Here

A reference to data recovered from Captain Shah's Flight Simulator. Defined Here

Direct Current

A twin-engine propellor driven aircraft manufactured by the Douglas Aircraft Company prior to World War II

A twin-engine propellor driven aircraft manufactured by the Douglas Aircraft Company prior to World War II

Data Conversion Gateway Function

Data Communication Management Function

Data Communication Management System

DEFTECH is a Malaysian Government defence contractor. It is responsible for the procurement and contract management of chosen operators in the search for MH370, such as Phoenix International. (Source: ATSB)

The code word used to designate a distress phase

A situation wherein there is a reasonable certainty that an aircraft and its occupants are threatened by grave and imminent danger and require immediate assistance.

Digital Flight Data Acquisition Function

Digital Flight Data Acquisition Unit

General Delegate of Armament Aeronautical Technique (in France)

A situation wherein there is a reasonable certainty that an aircraft and its occupants are threatened by grave and imminent danger and require immediate assistance.

A situation wherein there is a reasonable certainty that an aircraft and its occupants are threatened by grave and imminent danger and require immediate assistance.

Diplexer Low Noise Amplifier

Distance Measuring Equipment

Defence, Science and Technology Group (Australia)

Defence Science and Technology Organisation (Australia)

Defence, Science and Technology Group (Australia)

Disaster Victim Identification

Electronic Checklist

Engine Data Interface Unit

Engine Driven Pump

Engine Driven Pump

Electronic Engine Control

Electronic Flight Instrument System

Engine Health Monitoring

Engine Indicating and Crew Alerting System

Electrical Load Management System

Emergency Locator Transmitter

A generic term meaning, as the case may be, uncertainty phase, alert phase or distress phase

A generic term meaning, as the case may be, uncertainty phase, alert phase or distress phase

A generic term meaning, as the case may be, uncertainty phase, alert phase or distress phase

Emergency Operations Center

Autothrottle Engine Pressure Ratio

Estimated time of Arrival

Extended Twin Engine Operations. ETOPS is an aviation rule that allows twin-engine airliners to fly long distance routes that were previously off-limits to twin-engine aircraft.

Economy Class

Federal Aviation Regulations

Flight Deck Entry Video Surveillance System

Flight Data Recorder

Flap Slat Electronic Unit

Filed Flight Plan – The flight plan as filed with an Air Traffic Services unit by the pilot or his designated representative, without any subsequent changes.

Filed Flight Plan – The flight plan as filed with an Air Traffic Services unit by the pilot or his designated representative, without any subsequent changes.

Flight Information Region

Flight Information Region

It contains essential flight and control data and is the basic tool which enables Controllers to visualize the disposition of traffic within their area of responsibility including traffic arriving and departing an aerodrome, assess conflicts and control aircraft in a safe manner.

Flight Management Computer

Flight Management Control Function

Flight Management Control System

Flight Management System

First Officer

Flap Slat Electronic Unit

Flight Steward

Flight Stewardess

Global Aeronautical Distress and Safety System

Golden Class Club or Business Class

Golden Class Club or Business Class

Ground earth station. A satellite ground station sends or receives data from orbiting satellites. (Source: ATSB)

Giga Hertz

Global Navigation Satellite System

Global Positioning System

Ground Proximity Warning System

Gross Weight

Gross Weight

Satellite log-on interrogation messages that originate at the ground earth station and are transmitted through the satellite to the aircraft’s satellite communication system. (Source: ATSB)

Ho Chi Minh (Viet Nam) Area Control Centre (or Air Traffic Control Centre)

Ho Chi Minh Air Traffic Control Centre

Ho Chi Minh Air Traffic Control Centre

Heading

High Frequency

HGAs

High Gain Antenna(s)

High Lift Control System

High Power Amplifier

Hours

Hydraulic Interface Module

Indicated Airspeed

International Air Transport Association

Identification

Integrated Drive Generator

Integrated Drive Generator

In Flight Entertainment system

In-flight Supervisor

Inlet Guide Vane

Instrument Landing System

Uncertainty Phase

Input/output modules

Input/output modules

Indian Oceanic Region

Inmarsat geostationary satellite above the Indian Ocean

Inmarsat geostationary satellite above the Indian Ocean

IATA Operational Safety Audit

Joint Investigation Team (Convened by the Malaysian Government comprising experts from the People’s Republic of China, France, Malaysia, United Kingdom, United States and Malaysian Government officials.) Source: ATSB

Joint Rescue Coordination Centre
JRCC Australia is coordinated by the Australian Maritime Safety Authority (AMSA)

Australian Maritime Safety Authority

Kuala Lumpur Area Control Centre (or Air Traffic Control Centre)

Kuala Lumpur Air Traffic Control Centre

Kuala Lumpur Air Traffic Control Centre

Kuala Lumpur Aeronautical Rescue Coordination Centre

Kuala Lumpur Air Traffic Services Centre

A unit of speed that is equal to one nautical mile (1.852 km) per hour

A unit of speed that is equal to one nautical mile (1.852 km) per hour

Knot - A unit of speed that is equal to one nautical mile (1.852 km) per hour

Kilo Volt Ampere

Latitude (degrees)

Light Emitting Diode

Lumpur Ground (Air Traffic Control at KLIA)

Kuala Lumpur International Airport

Low Gain Antenna

Low Noise Amplifier

Lateral Navigation

Longitude (degrees)

Lumpur Radar (Air Traffic Control at KLIA)

Line Replaceable Module

Lumpur Tower (Air Traffic Control at KLIA)

Malaysian Airlines Berhad (Formerly Malaysia Airline Systems [MAS])

Private. Used for a private limited Company

Malaysia Airline Systems

Mean Aerodynamic Chord

Mach number

Aircraft speed relative to the speed of sound

Malaysia Airports Holdings Berhad

Malaysia Airline Systems

Malaysia Airline Systems flight MH370

Aircraft identification Malaysian 370

Malaysia Airlines Operations Despatch Centre

Manual of Air Traffic Services

Malaysian Civil Aviation Regulations (1996)

Maintenance Control Centre

Multi-purpose Control Display Unit(s)

Multi-purpose Control Display Unit(s)

Malaysian Communications and Multimedia Commission (Also known as SKMM - Suruhanjaya Komunikasi dan Multimedia Malaysia)

Suruhanjaya Komunikasi dan Multimedia Malaysia (Also known as MCMC - Malaysian Communications and Multimedia Commission)

Mode Control Panel

Main Equipment Centre

Minimum Equipment List

Meteorological or meteorology

Multi-Function Display

Malaysia Airlines Boeing 777 9M-MRO

Megahertz

MAS Operations Centre

Ministry of Transport (Malaysia)

Maritime Rescue Coordination Centre.

Message

Multifunctional Transport Satellites of Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA)

A series of Japanese weather and aviation satellites and GESs. MTSAT-1R and MTSAT-2 satellites are interoperable with Inmarsat satellites.

Not acknowledged

A unit of distance based on the circumference of the earth, used for marine charting and navigating. One nautical mile (NM) is equal to 1.852 km.

Nautical Mile

Navigation Display

Navigation Display

Non-directional Beacon

Next-of-kin

Next-of-kin

An area stretching approximately from the border of Kazakhstan and Turkmenistan to northern Thailand. See Najib's Statement 15 March 2014

An area stretching approximately from the border of Kazakhstan and Turkmenistan to northern Thailand. See Najib's Statement 15 March 2014

Notices to Airmen

Notice to Crew

National Transport Safety Board (US)

National Transportation Safety Committee (Indonesia)

Operations Control Centre

Oven Controlled Crystal Oscillator

Operations Despatch Centre

Operations

Out, Off, On, In

Procedures for Air Navigation - Air Traffic Management

Persons - number of passengers

Polis DiRaja Malaysia (Royal Malaysia Police)

Primary Display System

Power Drive Unit

Beijing (Peking)

IATA Code for PERishable cargo

Primary Flight Computer

Primary Flight Computer

Primary Flight Control System

Primary Flight Display

Pilot in Command

A pulse of sonar sound. (Source: ATSB)

Flight Plan

Please

Please

Permanent Magnet Generator

Passenger Name Record More Info

Pacific Ocean Region

Inmarsat geostationary satellite above the Pacific Ocean

Inmarsat geostationary satellite above the Pacific Ocean

Position (cargo bay location)

parts per million

Primary (or terminal area) radar relies on radio waves reflecting off metallic objects and is effective within a short range from the radar head, which is usually located at an airport. (Source: ATSB)

Power Supply Assembly

Proximity Switch Electronic Unit

Primary Surveillance Radar

Passenger Service Units

Passenger Service Units

Royal Australian Air Force

Ram Air Turbine

Radio Detection and Range

Rescue Coordination Centre

Radio Frequency Attenuator (part of the SATCOM system)

Satellite Communications

Radio Frequency Splitter (part of the SATCOM system)

Radio Frequency Unit (part of the SATCOM system)

Royal Malaysian Air Force

Royal Malaysian Police.

Area Navigation

Remotely Operated Vehicle

Request Supplementary Flight Plan

Rolls Royce

Rescue Sub-Centre

Radio Tuning Panel

Reduced Vertical Separation Minima

Runway

Secondary Attitude and Air Data Reference Unit

A city on Hainan Island (China)

Sanya flight information region, (ZJSA), administered by an air traffic control centre in Sanya on Hainan Island (China)

Safety Awareness Programme

Search And Rescue

Standards and Recommended Practices

Standards and Recommended Practices

A sonar system which uses sophisticated post-processing of sonar data to combine a number of sonar pings to form an image with higher resolution than conventional sonar. (Source: ATSB)

A sonar system which uses sophisticated post-processing of sonar data to combine a number of sonar pings to form an image with higher resolution than conventional sonar. (Source: ATSB)

Static Air Temperature

Satellite Communications Working Group

Satellite Data Unit

Secondary (or en route) radar returns are dependent on a transponder in the aircraft to reply to an interrogation from a radar ground station. (Source: ATSB)

Independent analysis of satellite communications and aircraft performance confirms MH370 will be found in close proximity to the arc labelled as the 7th arc. The arc extends from latitude 20 degrees south to latitude 39 degrees south. At the time MH370 reached this arc the aircraft is considered to have exhausted its fuel and to have been descending. (Source: ATSB)

A hidden file created by the Volume Shadow Copy Service in Microsoft Windows operating systems to enable a user to restore a file to a previous version. More Info

Standard Instrument Departure

Standard Instrument Departure

Société Internationale de Télécommunications Aéronautiques

Situation Report

Site Maintenance Engineer

Short Message Service, a text message

Standard Operating Procedures

Standard Operating Procedures

An area stretching approximately from Indonesia to the southern Indian ocean. See Najib's Statement 15 March 2014

An area stretching approximately from Indonesia to the southern Indian ocean. See Najib's Statement 15 March 2014

Search and Rescue Unit

Standard Instrument Arrival. A designated Instrument Flight Rule (IFR) arrival route linking a significant point, normally on an Air Traffic Service (ATS) route, with a point from which a published instrument approach procedure can be commenced.

Standard Instrument Arrival. A designated Instrument Flight Rule (IFR) arrival route linking a significant point, normally on an Air Traffic Service (ATS) route, with a point from which a published instrument approach procedure can be commenced.

Air Traffic Services

An aircraft that has deviated significantly from its intended track or which reports that it is lost.

An aircraft that has deviated significantly from its intended track or which reports that it is lost.

Search Strategy Working Group. Coordinated by the ATSB, the group of international satellite and aircraft specialists has been working towards defining the most probable position of MH370, at the time of the last satellite communications. (Source: ATSB)

The aircraft is moving on the aerodrome surface under its own power prior to takeoff or after landing.

Traffic Collision Avoidance System

A defined point located along the flight path of an aircraft, at which the responsibility for providing air traffic control service to the aircraft is transferred from one control unit or control position to the next.

A defined point located along the flight path of an aircraft, at which the responsibility for providing air traffic control service to the aircraft is transferred from one control unit or control position to the next.

A device that emits an identifying signal in response to an interrogating received signal from a communications satellite or ground station. (Source: ATSB)

Track

Transformer Rectifier Unit

Transcript

Total

Transport Safety Investigation Bureau of Singapore (formerly Air Accident Investigation Bureau [AAIB])

Air Accident Investigation Bureau (Malaysia) or Air Accident Investigation Branch (United Kingdom)

Tuổi Trẻ is a Vietnamese daily news publisher

Underwater Locator Beacon. A device attached to aviation flight recorders that when immersed in water emits an acoustic signal, to assist with locating an aircraft’s Flight Data Recorder and Cockpit Voice Recorder. (Source: ATSB)

A situation wherein doubt exists as to the safety of an aircraft or a marine vessel, and the Persons on board.

An aircraft that has been observed or reported to be operating in a given area but whose identity has not been established.

An aircraft that has been observed or reported to be operating in a given area but whose identity has not been established.

Vertical Speed

VHF Digital Link

Very High Frequency

Vertical Navigation

An abbreviation for Volume System Information file used by RMP forensic investigators but more accurately means a System Volume Information folder. More Info

A term used by RMP forensic investigators but more accurately rendered as System Volume Information folder. More Info

A term used by RMP forensic investigators but more accurately rendered as System Volume Information folder. More Info

A term used by RMP forensic investigators but more accurately rendered as System Volume Information folder. More Info

VHF Omni Directional Radio Range

A predetermined geographical position that is defined in terms of latitude and longitude coordinates, used for navigation. More Info

A predetermined geographical position that is defined in terms of latitude and longitude coordinates, used for navigation. More Info

Wind Direction

Wind Speed

A US-based coal marketing and logistics company, operating globally, with an office in China.

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